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	<title>Arras France Tourism Guide &#187; Notre Dame de Lorette</title>
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	<description>Everything About Arras &#38; France</description>
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		<title>Lorette Hill (northern France)</title>
		<link>http://arras-france.com/lorette-hill-northern-france/</link>
		<comments>http://arras-france.com/lorette-hill-northern-france/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 18 Dec 2007 06:47:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Arras Guide</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Arras-Surroundings]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[France]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[North France]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Notre Dame de Lorette]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pas-de-Calais]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War 1]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[During the First World War, Lorette hill which is located in the surroundings of Ablain-Saint-Nazaire in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region, represented a strategic point for the German forces. Indeed, the hill rises 165 metres above sea-level and overlooks the Artois region. Intense fighting took place on the hill between the French Army and the German Army [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>During the <strong>First World War</strong>, <strong><span style="color: #ff0000;">Lorette hill</span> </strong>which is located in the surroundings of <strong>Ablain-Saint-Nazaire in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region</strong>, represented a strategic point for the German forces. Indeed, the hill rises 165 metres above sea-level and overlooks the Artois region. Intense fighting took place on the hill between the French Army and the German Army from October 1914 to October 1915. <strong>Over 100,000 soldiers were killed. A national cemetery comprising 20,000 individual graves was erected on 13 hectares.</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/Notre_Dame_de_Lorette_graveyard.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2091" title="Notre_Dame_de_Lorette_graveyard" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/Notre_Dame_de_Lorette_graveyard.jpg" alt="" width="689" height="459" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Photo credit: Jeffrey J. Soulliere</strong> <strong>(picture above)</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/copy-of-dsc00098_mod.JPG" alt="Lorette Hill (northern France)" width="690" height="508" /></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a title="Notre-Dame-de-Lorette" href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/01/copy-of-dsc00096.JPG"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/01/copy-of-dsc00096.JPG" alt="Notre-Dame-de-Lorette" width="690" height="519" /></a></p>
<p>On the northern side of the hill, the slope is gentle but on the southern side, there are five separate slopes interlaced with narrow and very steep valleys. The name of Lorette hill comes from the oratory raised in 1727 by the painter Florent Guilbert who had been cured of a leg illness during a pilgrimage to Loreto in Italy. He brought back from Italy a statue of the Virgin Mary and raised a small oratory in his field, located on the hill, in order to shelter it. From 1729, Lorette hill became a place of pilgrimage. Destroyed in 1794 and rebuilt in 1815, the oratory progressively transformed from 1870 to 1880 into a small chapel before getting destroyed in 1915. A stele indicates its location.</p>
<p><strong>A basilica and a light-house with its ossuary were constructed according to the plans of the Lille architect Louis-Marie Cordonnier, in order to commemorate the bloody fighting of 1915.</strong> <strong>The light-house is the main ossuary (6,000 bodies) and contains the remains of Unknown Soldiers from the two World Wars, from Indo-China and Northern Africa.</strong> The first stone was laid by Marshal Pétain on 19 June 1921 and the ceremony of inauguration took place on 2 August 1925. The light-house is 52 metres high on a 12 metre square base. At night, a 3,000 candle power lamp revolves every 12 seconds and can be seen up to 70 kilometres away.  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> </span></p>
<p class="Normal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<p style="text-align: center;"><img src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/copy-of-dsc00097.JPG" alt="Lorette Hill (northern France)" width="693" height="491" /></p>
<p class="Normal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<p>Lorette hill has <strong>seven other ossuaries</strong>, located at the corners of the cemetery, in which lie the bodies of <strong>more than 17,000 Unknown Soldiers.</strong></p>
<p>The basilica is 46 metres long, 14 metres wide and 30 metres high.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a title="Notre-Dame-de-Lorette" href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/01/dsc00067.JPG"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/01/dsc00067.JPG" alt="Notre-Dame-de-Lorette" width="689" height="519" /></a></p>
<p><strong>There is also a </strong><strong>museum on Notre-Dame-de-Lorette hill that </strong><strong>presents a collection of 2,000 evocative objects recalling the soldiers&#8217; life in the trenches, and reconstruction displays with animated laser effects (sound effects, special effects, and comments in French and English).</strong></p>
<p>Outside, on the battlefield, the visitors can see the trenches on the original sites with canons, machine guns, obus and barbed wire. The explanatory boards are in French, English and German.</p>
<p>The museum and battlefield visit takes place everyday from 9.00 am to 8.00 pm from February 1st to December 15th. The entrance has a small fee. Out of season visits need appointment.  Ph: +33 (0)3.21.45.15.80</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/Notre_Dame_de_Lorette_light_house.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2096" title="Notre_Dame_de_Lorette_light_house" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/Notre_Dame_de_Lorette_light_house.jpg" alt="" width="739" height="409" /></a><strong> </strong></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Photo credit : Jeffrey J. Soulliere</strong></p>
<p><span style="color: #ff0000;"><strong>Click on this link to watch a video of Notre-Dame de Lorette: </strong></span><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';"><a title="Notre-Dame de Lorette France" href="http://arras-france.com/notre-dame-delorette-video/" target="_blank">http://arras-france.com/notre-dame-delorette-video/</a></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';"> </span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;">
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		<title>9 May 1915: attack on Notre-Dame-de-Lorette ridge</title>
		<link>http://arras-france.com/9-may-1915-attack-on-notre-dame-de-lorette-ridge/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 17 Dec 2007 09:35:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Arras Guide</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Arras-Surroundings]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[France]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[North France]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Notre Dame de Lorette]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pas-de-Calais]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War 1]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://arras-france.com/?p=1174</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Photo credit : Jeffrey J. Soulliere After several preliminary attacks by the allied forces, the ‘Artois offensive’ occured on 9 May. The division of General Maistre, in charge of expelling the enemy from the last two spurs of the massif and of seizing the upper ridge, consisted of three infantry regiments and three battalions of [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/Notre_Dame_de_Lorette_October_20111.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2160" title="Notre_Dame_de_Lorette_October_2011" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/Notre_Dame_de_Lorette_October_20111.jpg" alt="" width="736" height="514" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Photo credit : Jeffrey J. Soulliere</strong></p>
<p>After several preliminary attacks by the allied forces, the ‘<strong>Artois offensive</strong>’ occured on <strong>9 May</strong>. The division of General Maistre, in charge of expelling the enemy from the last two spurs of the massif and of seizing the upper ridge, consisted of three infantry regiments and three battalions of Chasseurs (Light Infantry). On 9 May, at 10.00 am, the first assault waves charged. After two hours, three defence lines were taken in spite of the German machine-gunners firing non-stop from behind a mount of earth sacks and thick armours. But the attack got out of breath very rapidly in front of the tremendous German resistance. The units were suffering serious losses, but the soldiers moved forward leaping from one shell-hole to another and fought with grenades, bayonets and even knives under the fire of the German machine guns. As the night fell, it was lighted by the shells and rockets, and filled with the cries of the wounded, the explosions, and the bang of the bullets.<br />
<strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong>On the night of 12 May</strong>, the soldiers came out from their trenches, and throwing themselves on the ground, crawled toward the front of the chapel, where the German troops were located. A hand-to-hand combat started. Soon, the German soldiers were exhausted. The French soldiers passed the collapsed chapel and seized the Lorette ridge but did not yet control the whole massif. The German forces managed to maintain their position on the two spurs of la Blanche-Voie and Souchez. However, the spur of Souchez was conquered in the following days. Nevertheless, the Germans repulsed all the attacks against la Blanche-Voie. For eight days, hidden in their trenches of la Blanche-Voie, the German soldiers fired at the French lines without respite.</p>
<p><strong>On 22 May</strong>, the trenches of la Blanche-Voie were conquered and almost the whole massif of Notre-Dame-de-Lorette was controlled by French troops, except the lower part of the Souchez spur slopes, which was finally conquered after thirteen days of struggle. At the end of it all, the losses were very high in both sides. <strong>On the battlefield, 3,000 German corpses were counted, with many more unaccounted for</strong>.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/Notre_Dame_de_Lorette_crosses.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-2098  aligncenter" title="Notre_Dame_de_Lorette_crosses" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/Notre_Dame_de_Lorette_crosses.jpg" alt="" width="437" height="657" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Photo credit : Jeffrey J. Soulliere</strong></p>
<p><strong>The church in ruins of Ablain-Saint-Nazaire</strong> is located just below the hill of<strong> Notre-Dame-de-Lorette</strong> and is called &#8220;old church&#8221; by the people of the village. It was erected at the beginning of the <strong>XVI century</strong> (around 1505) by the lord of Carency, Charles of Bourbon after the recovery of his daughter Louise from a mental depression. The church was built under the supervision of <strong>Jacques le Caron, architect of the belfry of Arras, in the Gothic style of the XV century. </strong>The church was classified as a <strong>Historical Monument </strong>at the beginning of the century (1904-1905). After getting destroyed during the <strong>First World War,</strong> the administration decided to keep it as it was after consolidating it in 1935.</p>
<p><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/ablain_saint_nazaire.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1175" title="ablain_saint_nazaire" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/ablain_saint_nazaire.jpg" alt="" width="691" height="491" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/Ablain_Saint_Nazaire_church.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-2183  aligncenter" title="Ablain_Saint_Nazaire_church" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/Ablain_Saint_Nazaire_church.jpg" alt="" width="488" height="730" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Photo credit : Jeffrey J. Soulliere</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/ablain_saint_nazaire_3.jpg"></a><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/Church_Ablain_St_Nazaire.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-2184  aligncenter" title="Church_Ablain_St_Nazaire" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/Church_Ablain_St_Nazaire.jpg" alt="" width="489" height="697" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Photo credit : Jeffrey J. Soulliere</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="size-full wp-image-1176 aligncenter" title="ablain_saint_nazaire_3" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/ablain_saint_nazaire_3.jpg" alt="" width="281" height="338" /></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Church before 1914.</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="size-full wp-image-1177 aligncenter" title="ablain_saint_nazaire_4" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/ablain_saint_nazaire_4.jpg" alt="" width="282" height="258" /></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong> Church after 1914.</strong></p>
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		<title>More pictures of Notre-Dame-de-Lorette Hill (northern France)</title>
		<link>http://arras-france.com/1227/</link>
		<comments>http://arras-france.com/1227/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 16 Dec 2007 23:36:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Arras Guide</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Arras-Surroundings]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[France]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[North France]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Notre Dame de Lorette]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pas-de-Calais]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War 1]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[For more information about this famous national cemetery (World War I), click on this link: http://arras-france.com/lorette-hill-northern-france/ Photo credit : Jeffrey J. Soulliere (picture above) Inside the basilica.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span style="color: #ff6600;"><strong>For more information about this famous national cemetery (World War I), click on this link:</strong></span></p>
<p><a title="Notre-Dame de Lorette France" href="http://arras-france.com/lorette-hill-northern-france/" target="_blank">http://arras-france.com/lorette-hill-northern-france/</a></p>
<p><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1228" title="notre_dame_de_lorette" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette.jpg" alt="" width="737" height="504" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_12.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1229" title="notre_dame_de_lorette_12" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_12.jpg" alt="" width="742" height="541" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/Notre_Dame_de_Lorette_2011.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2180" title="Notre_Dame_de_Lorette_2011" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/Notre_Dame_de_Lorette_2011.jpg" alt="" width="745" height="482" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/Notre_Dame_de_Lorette_2011_October.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2162" title="Notre_Dame_de_Lorette_2011_October" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/Notre_Dame_de_Lorette_2011_October.jpg" alt="" width="738" height="490" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Photo credit : Jeffrey J. Soulliere (picture above)</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_8.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-1230 aligncenter" title="notre_dame_de_lorette_8" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_8.jpg" alt="" width="532" height="700" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Inside the basilica.</strong></p>
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		<title>More pictures of Notre-Dame-de-Lorette Hill (northern France)</title>
		<link>http://arras-france.com/more-pictures-of-notre-dame-de-lorette-northern-france/</link>
		<comments>http://arras-france.com/more-pictures-of-notre-dame-de-lorette-northern-france/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 16 Dec 2007 17:35:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Arras Guide</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Arras-Surroundings]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[France]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[North France]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Notre Dame de Lorette]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pas-de-Calais]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War 1]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://arras-france.com/?p=1221</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[For more information about this famous national cemetery (World War I), click on this link: http://arras-france.com/lorette-hill-northern-france/ The light-house.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: #ff6600;"><strong>For more information about this famous national cemetery (World War I), click on this link:</strong></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a title="Notre-Dame de Lorette France" href="http://arras-france.com/lorette-hill-northern-france/" target="_blank">http://arras-france.com/lorette-hill-northern-france/</a></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_5.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1222" title="notre_dame_de_lorette_5" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_5.jpg" alt="" width="690" height="501" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_4.jpg"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-1224 aligncenter" title="notre_dame_de_lorette_4" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_4.jpg" alt="" width="691" height="514" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_7.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1225" title="notre_dame_de_lorette_7" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_7.jpg" alt="" width="688" height="481" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_3.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-1226 aligncenter" title="notre_dame_de_lorette_3" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_3.jpg" alt="" width="519" height="672" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>The light-house.</strong></p>
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		<title>More pictures of Notre-Dame-de-Lorette Hill (northern France)</title>
		<link>http://arras-france.com/more-pictures-of-notre-dame-de-lorette-hill-northern-france/</link>
		<comments>http://arras-france.com/more-pictures-of-notre-dame-de-lorette-hill-northern-france/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 16 Dec 2007 14:23:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Arras Guide</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Arras-Surroundings]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[France]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[North France]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Notre Dame de Lorette]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pas-de-Calais]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War 1]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://arras-france.com/?p=1216</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[For more information about this famous national cemetery (World War I), click on this link: http://arras-france.com/lorette-hill-northern-france/ The Moroccan cemetery in Notre-Dame-de-Lorette.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span style="color: #ff6600;"><strong>For more information about this famous national cemetery (World War I), click on this link:</strong></span></p>
<p><a title="Notre-Dame de Lorette France" href="http://arras-france.com/lorette-hill-northern-france/" target="_blank">http://arras-france.com/lorette-hill-northern-france/</a></p>
<p><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/lorette_3.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1217" title="lorette_3" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/lorette_3.jpg" alt="" width="684" height="511" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_11.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1218" title="notre_dame_de_lorette_11" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_11.jpg" alt="" width="686" height="492" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_9.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1219" title="notre_dame_de_lorette_9" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_9.jpg" alt="" width="687" height="485" /></a></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>The Moroccan cemetery in Notre-Dame-de-Lorette.</strong></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_10.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-1220 aligncenter" title="notre_dame_de_lorette_10" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_10.jpg" alt="" width="458" height="579" /></a></p>
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		<title>Notre-Dame-de-Lorette Video</title>
		<link>http://arras-france.com/notre-dame-delorette-video/</link>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 15 Dec 2007 19:55:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Arras Guide</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Arras-Surroundings]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[France]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[North France]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Notre Dame de Lorette]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pas-de-Calais]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War 1]]></category>

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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><object classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" width="425" height="344" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0"><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /><param name="src" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/nmLYOBPZg10&amp;hl=en&amp;fs=1&amp;rel=0" /><param name="allowfullscreen" value="true" /><embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="425" height="344" src="http://www.youtube.com/v/nmLYOBPZg10&amp;hl=en&amp;fs=1&amp;rel=0" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object></p>
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		<title>El 9 de mayo de 1915: ataque sobre la cresta de Notre-Dame-de Lorette</title>
		<link>http://arras-france.com/el-9-de-mayo-de-1915-ataque-sobre-la-cresta-de-notre-dame-de-lorette/</link>
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		<pubDate>Fri, 28 Sep 2007 21:07:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Arras Guide</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Arras-Surroundings]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[France]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[North France]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Notre Dame de Lorette]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[World War 1]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://arras-france.com/?p=1214</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Después de varios ataques preliminares por parte de las fuerzas aliadas, se desencadenó, el 9 de mayo, la ofensiva de Artois. La división del General Maistre, encargada de expulsar al enemigo de los dos últimos espolones del macizo y de conquistar la cresta superior, comprendía tres regimientos de infantería y tres batallones de cazadores. El [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Después de varios ataques preliminares por parte de las fuerzas aliadas, </strong><strong>se desencadenó, el 9 de mayo, la ofensiva de Artois.</strong> La división del General Maistre, encargada de expulsar al enemigo de los dos últimos espolones del macizo y de conquistar la cresta superior, comprendía tres regimientos de infantería y tres batallones de cazadores. El 9 de mayo, a las 10 de la mañana, las primeras oleadas de asalto se pusieron en marcha. Al cabo de dos horas, tres líneas de defensa fueron tomadas pese a que las metralletas alemanas disparaban sin cesar detrás de un amontonamiento de sacos de tierra y de importantes blindajes. Pero el ataque perdió rápidamente el aliento frente a la poderosa resistencia alemana. Las unidades sufrieron graves bajas. La progresión de los soldados se desarrolló abalanzándose de un agujero de obús a otro. Los soldados se pelearon con granadas, bayonetas e incluso con cuchillos bajo el incesante fuego de las metralletas. La noche del 9 de mayo cayó, alumbrada por los obuses y los cohetes y aturdida por los gritos de los heridos, el estrépito de las explosiones y el ruido de las balas.<br />
<strong></strong></p>
<p><strong>Por la noche del 12 de mayo</strong>, los soldados salieron de sus trincheras y, echándose en el suelo, reptaron hacia el fortín de la capilla. Empezó entonces un violento cuerpo a cuerpo. Pronto, los soldados alemanes no pudieron más. La capilla, desmoronada, fue rebasada. Los franceses tomaron posesión de la cresta de Lorette pero todavía no controlaban el macizo en su conjunto. Los alemanes lograron mantener sus posiciones sobre los dos espolones de la Blanche-Voie y de Souchez. A pesar de todo, el espolón de Souchez fue conquistado en los días posteriores. Sin embargo, los alemanes repelieron todos los ataques contra la Blanche-Voie. <strong>Durante ocho días, los soldados alemanes, parapetados en la Blanche-Voie, ametrallaron sin cesar a las líneas francesas.</strong></p>
<p><strong>El 22 de mayo</strong>, las trincheras de la Blanche-Voie fueron tomadas y todo el macizo de Notre-Dame-de-Lorette fue ocupado, a excepción de la parte inferior de las pendientes del espolón de Souchez, que fue finalmente conquistado después de trece días de luchas encarnizadas. Las bajas fueron muy elevadas en ambos lados. En el propio campo de batalla contabilizaron 3.000 cadáveres alemanes.<br />
<strong></strong></p>
<p><strong>Más abajo se encuentra la iglesia en ruinas de Ablain-Saint-Nazaire</strong>, llamada &#8220;antigua iglesia&#8221; por los aldeanos. Fue elevada a principios del <strong>siglo XVI</strong> (hacia 1505) por el <strong>señor de Carency, Carlos de Borbón</strong>, en señal de agradecimiento por la curación de su hija Luisa. <strong>Fue construida bajo la dirección de Jacques le Caron, arquitecto del campanario de Arras, en el estilo gótico del siglo XV</strong>. Destruida durante la <strong>Primera Guerra Mundial</strong>, la administración decidió dejarla en el mismo estado tras su consolidación (1935) y fue clasificada <strong>Monumento Histórico</strong> a principios del siglo (1904-1905).</p>
<p><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/ablain_saint_nazaire_5.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1215" title="ablain_saint_nazaire_5" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/ablain_saint_nazaire_5.jpg" alt="" width="691" height="484" /></a></p>
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		<title>La colina de Lorette en el Paso de Calais</title>
		<link>http://arras-france.com/la-colina-de-lorette-en-el-paso-de-calais/</link>
		<comments>http://arras-france.com/la-colina-de-lorette-en-el-paso-de-calais/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 28 Sep 2007 13:55:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Arras Guide</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Arras-Surroundings]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[France]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[North France]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Notre Dame de Lorette]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pas-de-Calais]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[World War 1]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://arras-france.com/?p=1210</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Durante la Primera Guerra Mundial, la colina de Lorette, que se sitúa en los alrededores de Ablain-Saint-Nazaire en el Paso de Calais (norte de Francia), representa un punto estratégico para los soldados alemanes, ya que se eleva a 165 metros por encima del nivel del mar y domina el Artois. Fue el escenario de violentos [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Durante la Primera Guerra Mundial, <span style="color: #ff0000;">la colina de Lorette</span></strong>, que se sitúa en los <strong>alrededores de Ablain-Saint-Nazaire en el Paso de Calais (norte de Francia)</strong>, representa un punto estratégico para los soldados alemanes, ya que se eleva a 165 metros por encima del nivel del mar y domina el Artois.</p>
<p><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_2.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1211" title="notre_dame_de_lorette_2" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/notre_dame_de_lorette_2.jpg" alt="" width="691" height="481" /></a><strong></strong></p>
<p><strong>Fue el escenario de violentos enfrentamientos entre el ejército francés y el ejército alemán entre octubre de 1914 y octubre de 1915. En sus laderas cayeron cerca de 100.000 hombres. </strong></p>
<p>Un cementerio nacional compuesto de <strong>20.000 tumbas individuales</strong> fue levantado sobre 13 hectáreas.</p>
<p>Las pendientes norte de la colina son relativamente suaves, mientras que las de la vertiente opuesta son muy escarpadas. Al sudeste del macizo, unos estrechos barrancos separan los cinco abruptos contrafuertes.</p>
<p>La colina de Lorette debe su nombre al oratorio edificado en 1727 por el pintor Florent Guilbert, quien fue curado de una enfermedad en la pierna durante una peregrinación al santuario italiano de Loreto. De allí se trajo una estatua de la Virgen y construyó en su campo, que se situaba sobre la colina, un cobertizo rústico para acogerla. Desde 1729, la colina se convirtió en lugar de peregrinación. Destruido en 1794 y reconstruido en 1815, el oratorio se fue transformando progresivamente entre 1870 y 1880, llegando a ser una pequeña iglesia antes de ser destruido en 1915. Una estela indica su emplazamiento.<br />
<strong></strong></p>
<p><strong>Una basílica y una torre-linterna</strong> <strong>con su osario </strong>se construyeron bajo la dirección de un arquitecto de Lille, Louis-Marie Cordonnier, con el fin de conmemorar los violentos combates de 1915. La torre-linterna es el osario principal (6.000 cuerpos) y encierra los restos mortales de los soldados desconocidos de las dos guerras mundiales, de Indochina y del norte de África. <strong>La primera piedra fue colocada por el mariscal Pétain el 19 de junio de 1921</strong> y la ceremonia de inauguración tuvo lugar el 2 de agosto de 1925. La torre-linterna mide 52 metros de alto y su base es un cuadrado de 12 metros de lado. Por la noche,<strong> la lámpara de 3.000 velas emite un haz luminoso que puede verse en más de 70 km a la redonda.<br />
</strong><strong></strong></p>
<p><strong>La colina de Lorette comprende otros siete osarios</strong>, repartidos en los extremos del cementerio, donde descansan los cuerpos de más de 17.000 soldados desconocidos.</p>
<p>La basílica fue bendecida el 26 de mayo de 1927 por Monseñor Julien, obispo de Arras, y consagrada el 5 de septiembre de 1937. Mide 46 metros de largo, 14 de ancho y tiene 30 metros de altura.</p>
<p><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/lorette.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1212" title="lorette" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/lorette.jpg" alt="" width="687" height="482" /></a></p>
<p>Sobre la colina de Notre-Dame-de-Lorette <strong>hay un museo que presenta más de 2.000 piezas de colección</strong> así como <strong>reconstrucciones escénicas mediante animación láser</strong> (efectos de sonido, efectos especiales, comentarios en francés e inglés). En el exterior, en el campo de batalla, los visitantes pueden contemplar las trincheras en sus lugares de origen, con cañones, metralletas, obuses y alambradas de espino. Los carteles explicativos están escritos en francés, en inglés y en alemán.<br />
<strong></strong></p>
<p><strong>La visita al museo y al campo tiene lugar todos los días de las 9.00 hasta las 20.00 horas del 1 de febrero hasta el 15 de diciembre. Entrada: de pago. Fuera de temporada: se requiere cita previa. Teléfono: +33 (0)3.21.45.15.80</strong></p>
<p><a href="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/lorette_2.jpg"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1213" title="lorette_2" src="http://arras-france.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/lorette_2.jpg" alt="" width="689" height="513" /></a></p>
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